Russia delays sea exports from Ukraine.

In December, Russia’s average duration of artificial detention of ships going to the Ukrainian ports on the Sea of Azov was more than 20 hours, and for vessels leaving Mariupol and Berdyansk with export cargo, 45.5 hours. In December 2021, 60 vessels passed through the Kerch Strait from the Black Sea in the direction of the Ukrainian ports on the Sea of Azov at Mariupol and Berdiansk. According to blackseanews, the average wait time for a permit to pass through the Kerch Strait was 20.3 hours per vessel, and for ships related to EU countries, 19.9 hours per vessel.