What key Ukrainian industries have suffered enormous losses during the war?

The full-scale war has caused severe economic losses to Ukraine. Gross value added fell by 21%, and Ukraine’s need for reconstruction funds totals $486B. Ukraine’s industrial sector, once the backbone of the economy, has been particularly affected by the war. The total direct commercial damage from the war is estimated at $13.1B, and the assets of at least 426 large and medium-sized private and state enterprises have been damaged or destroyed.

Illich Iron & Steel Works is the second largest metallurgical enterprise in Mariupol, and with Azovstal and the Avdiivka coke chemical plant account for the three largest enterprise losses.

As of the beginning of 2024, the amount of direct damage caused to the Ukrainian agricultural sector is $10.3B, of which $5.8B is damages to farm equipment and machinery.

Damages to the Ukrainian energy infrastructure from Russian strikes amounts to $8.8B. As of the end of April 2024, 80% of Ukrainian TPP and CHP generation and 35% of hydroelectric power generation had been lost. In June of 2024, generation capacity fell below 20 GW compared to 58 GW in 2021.