Ukraine and Russia have each intensified their air attacks: Russian energy facilities are under constant fire, and Ukrainian civilians are taking cover.

On January 31, the Ukrainian military targeted the Lukoil-Volgogradneftepererabotka facility in the Volgograd region. With a design capacity of 14.8 million tons, this refinery is one of the ten largest in Russia and plays a role in supplying the military.

Another attack damaged the pipeline system leading to the port of Ust-Luga, halting oil transportation to the port.

Sibur, the largest Russian petrochemical holding, reported that product deliveries from their facility were suspended following an attack on a refinery in Kstovo on January 29.

For these operations, Ukraine employed long-range drones capable of carrying 250-kilogram bombs and traveling distances of up to 2,000 kilometers.

Meanwhile, on the night of February 2 Russia launched an attack on Ukraine using 55 strike UAVs along with decoy drones to confuse Ukrainian air defenses, following a coordinated strike involving missiles and drones the day before. As a result of an attack on a residential building in Poltava, 12 people were killed and 17 were injured.

On January 31, Odesa also came under enemy attack, with Norwegian diplomats present at the center of the strike. At least 15 UNESCO monuments suffered damage.