According to the National Bank of Ukraine (NBU), consumer inflation in 2021 was 10%. The 5% ± 1 percentage point target was exceeded much more significantly than was expected a year ago. The NBU noted that consumer inflation had accelerated worldwide, and in developed countries it was the highest in decades. In general, global inflation results from a sharp recovery in demand and its reorientation to specific groups of goods and services against the background of the slow recovery of supply due to disruptions in production and supply chains. As a result, energy resources, raw materials, and individual production components rose sharply.